Explain+at+least+2+research+methodologies+and+their+philosophical+underpinning

Human beings carry wealth of knowledge and ideas learned over a lifetime, parts of it conscious and some well hidden.

Neuman (2006) speaks of the philosophical assumptions we hold regarding the purpose and nature of science and how these believes influence our approach to research. He identified a range of approaches to social science:  [E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S.|Guba and Lincoln (1994)] Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S. "Competing paradigms in qualitative research," in //Handbook of Qualitative Research//, N.K. Denzin and Y.S. Lincoln (eds.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, 1994, pp. 105-117 (not read yet but taken from the site, should mention it )brings a different view to it and identify the following paradigms
 * Positivism
 * Interpretative
 * critical
 * feminist
 * postmodern

positivism, post-positivism, critical theory, and constructivism

These 2 examples show that the range of philosophical paradigms acknowledge and described by researchers is wide ranging and the terminology used by English speaking researchers can also be diverse.

we, as researchers, are likely to adopt a preferred single or mixed research style which will match these inner believes so it is paramount that these paradigms are clearly understood by the practitioner to be aware of the possible strength and weaknesses our views bring to research projects. These approaches have common features in particular with regard to self reflectiveness and being open ended as well as all being empirical, systematic, theoretical and public but Neuman (2006) believes key reasons for research, relevance of knowledge or even good evidence to name but a few has major differences. The role of common sense for example shows clearly how we, practitioners or researchers, can hold divergent views. Critical social science sees it as false believes when the interpretative social science regards it as powerful everyday theories! we, professionals, are often using some common sense in our practice and everyday life but adopting these as powerful theories without the critical approach they deserve is for me illogical and dangerous: It seems therefore that critical science is a paradigm close to personal believes.